воскресенье, 23 марта 2014 г.

"Theatre" by Maugham (Chapters 7-10)

I. Find the following words and phrases in the text and translate them into Russian: 

placidity – безмятежность;
to make frantic scenes – устраивать безумные сцены;
to give somebody a look of scorn – бросить презрительный взгляд на кого-либо;
lavishness – щедрость;
to pull strings adroitly – пользоваться связями;
to fall out of love – разлюбить;
close-cropped hair – коротко стриженный;
 weather-beaten skin – обветренная кожа;
coltish grace – неуклюжая грация;
to be on active service – быть в действующей армии;
confinement – роды;
to run a theatre – руководить театром;
effusive – экспансивный, бурный;
to set one's mind to smth. – стремиться к чему-либо;
disconcerting – смущающий, приводящий в замешательство;
it's a knock out – сногсшибательно;
amiability – добродушие;
affable manner – дружеское обращение;
to exercise great ingenuity in (doing) smth. – проявить великую изобретательность в чем-то;
to be unperturbed – быть невозмутимым;
shrewdness – проницательность;
to grizzle – возмущаться, раздражать;
it's a mere commonplace – это банально;
exorbitant – непомерный;
to be conciliatory – примирительный, дружелюбный;
to foster one's career – способствовать чьей-то карьере;
prosiness – прозаичность;
acumen – сообразительность;
to have one's face lifted – подтянуть кожу лица;
it's no good crying over spilt milk – потерянного не воротишь;
to have little flirtations – заводить небольшие интриги;
masseuse – массажистка;
gossip column – колонка светской хроники;

the world of make-believe – мир-понарошку.

II. Answer the following questions:

1. What did Michael and Julia do when the war broke out?
Michael went to the front, and Julia stayed on the stage.

2. Why do you think Michael enjoyed the war?
I  think so because Michael was not realy intended for scene, he was more intended for the militaey affair. He had practical mind.

3. Do you think love is important for a successful family life? Would you share your point of view on this problem with your fellow students?
Certainly, it is. Love is one of the main things, and perhaps the most important one in order to make the family life successful. Family is the most important relationship between people and only love can make it firmer.

4. How did it happen that Julia fell out of love with Michael?
She became pregnant. She believed in her happy and successful family life, believed that Michael would love her, if only she mamaged to create the necessary condition for happy family, to give the birth to baby. But when she became pregnant and saw that even their future baby can't change Michael's attitude to her, Julia realized he never loved her.

5. How did Michael manage to find the money to rent a theatre? What was the theatre called? Who was in the partnership with him?
Michael inherited his parent's money after their death. But the rent of theatres had gone up enormously, the salaries of actors and the wages of stagehands had increased, so that the expense of running a theatre was very much greater than it had been before the war. Then they found a rich woman, not so old, who was interested in Julia. She helped them to run a theatre. Mrs. de Vries was a widow. She had a passion for the stage.The theatre was then called the Siddons Theatre.

6. Why was Julia against Michael's taking up directing?
She did not believe in him as a director.

7. What kind of director was Michael?
I think he was capable of directing. He had a practical mind. It was his calling. in any case he was more succeeded in it than in acting.

8. What irritated Julia in Michael more and more? How did he change in Julia's eyes?
Michael’s thrift, which in at first seemed to her an amusing, rather touching trait, now irritates her. Moreover, he no longer smelt like a youth, he smelt like a man. Besides, as a youth he had taken his beauty for granted, but that time he began to pay more attention to it and spared no pains to keep what was left of it. It became an obsession. He devoted anxious care to his figure. He never ate a fattening thing and never forgot his exercises.

9. Why was Julia sad when she thought of her married life?
Because it was not what she dreamed of. She dreamed of being loved by her husband, but it turned out to be the "world of make-believe"

11. Julia's dresser and maid was a Cockney, wasn't she? Please prove it using the examples from the text.
 "...if he saw you now 'e wouldn't, not if I know anything about men..."


12. Who was the unknown man who sent flowers to Julia? Why did she write him a thank you note?
The man who sent flowers to Julia was Tommas, that accountant who was hired by her husband. She wrote him only because it was usual thing for her to thank her admirors, for public can not be hurt.

III.  Comment on the phrase from chapter 9: "Roger had been entered for Eton within a week of his birth." Comment on it. Give a short presentation on public schools in Britain.

Roger was a son of Michael and Julia. As a son of rich and successeful parents he had a chance to be entered Eton, a very prestige boarding school.

Eton is a British independent boarding school located in Eton, near Windsor in England. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor".
Eton is one of nine English independent schools, commonly referred to as "public schools", included in the original Public Schools Act 1868. Following the public school tradition, Eton is a full boarding school, which means all pupils live at the school, and is one of four such remaining single-sex boys' public schools in the United Kingdom to continue this practice. It has educated nineteen British Prime Ministers and generations of aristocracy.


VI. Give a summary of chapters 7-10. (in written form)
Michael went to fight, and Julia was left alone. She continued to play on the stage and soon she became a successful actrees. She had a right to rest so she left the scene for a while all the more she became pregnant. After the war Michael decided to run his own theatre. He got inheritance from his parents after their death and soon with a financial help from Mrs. de Vries, a rich woman who was an admirer of Julia, Michael became a director of the theatre.

Julia realized tha her husband didn't love her and soon she fell out of love with him. She decided to dedicate entirely herself to the stage...One day Julia received flowers from the unknown man. He turned out to be Tommas Fannel, the accountant who was hired by her husband. They began to meet, and soon Julia understood that she fell in love with him. She tried to make him happy, she changed his life, he became rich and successful, but soon she saw that Tommas was not interested in her. He prefered to communicate with young people such as Julia's son Roger or Evis, a young actrees. He promised her that he manage to make her an actrees in Julia's theatre. Julia knew it and understood that Tom just used her.

Julia realizes that all her life is a play. She doesn't want to play any more in order to be loved. She doesn't need in love.She belongs only to herself. After her triumphal play she goes to the restaurant in order to spend time as she really wishes.., with bear and beefsteak.

воскресенье, 9 марта 2014 г.

"Theatre" by Maugham (Chapters 3-6)

I. Explain in English or give definitions of and find contextual synonyms for the following words and phrases:

Asset - a single item of ownership having exchange value
A sumptuous supper - the evening meal amazing its abudance
Extravagance - an extravagant action, notion
Thrift – wise economy in the management of money
To remonstrate - to say or plead in protest, objection, or disapproval.
Equanimity - calm emotions when dealing with problems or pressure.
at a loose end  - in an uncertain or unsettled situation or position.
completion of something - to end smth.
to jeopardize - to put in jeopardy; hazard; risk; imperil.
alacrity - readiness, promptness, or willingness.
susceptible to - easily influenced or affected.
obsequious - characterized by or showing servile complaisance or deference.
retainer - a servant or attendant who has served a family for many years.

II. Find quotations in the text. State their meaning and their function.

"Neither a borrower nor a lender be," - This quotation characterizes Michael. He is a thrifty person.


"Lord, what fools these mortals be,"  - This quotation shows Jimmie's anxiety about relationship between Michael and Julia.

III. Explain the metaphor "she is a millstone round his neck." Who does it refer to?
It refers to Julia. Marriage and career of an actor are hardly compatible with each other.

IV. Comment on the context of the following phrases:

1."He was too modest to resent an unfavourable criticism."
It refers to Michael. I think he was unable to resent in general. Michael was an inefficient actor and he realized it therefore he accepted the criticism as a truth.
2. "... after all he was born a gentleman." This phrase also refers to Michael. Here we can see his parents' opinon. They could't accept that their son chose the stage career instead of military one. They believed being born a gentleman he was to become the military.
3. "'I suppose it's beastly of me,' she thought, 'but thank God, thank God.'"  It refers to Julia who is happy that her husband failed with the contract. She understands that it is the bad news, but she is glad to it because she wants her husband to be with her.



воскресенье, 23 февраля 2014 г.

Maugham "Theatre" (Chapters 1-2)

I. Explain in English or give definitions of and find contextual synonyms for the following words and phrases:

1.Complacency - a feeling of quiet pleasure or security, often while unaware of some potential danger, defect.
2.filthy - vile; vulgar; obscene
3. supercilious – haughtily disdainful or contemptuous, as a person or a facial expression.
4. military bearing – is how a soldier conducts himself on duty. 
5. stupendous –amazingly large or great
6. staggered – a state of becoming unsteady:
7. natural homage – special honor or respect shown or expressed publicly and accepted as one's due
8. entanglement –the act of entangling.
9. concubinage – cohabitation of a man and woman without legal or formal marriage
10. languorous –  lacking energy, spirit, liveliness or vitality
11. flippant rejoinder – when you retort without care.
12. to risk smth –  to expose to the chance of injury or loss.

II. Search for the allusions in the text. Define their type (literary, artistic, historical and others) and functions; explain their meaning.

Jean-Marc Nattier (artistic) -  French painter,  a miniaturist, noted for his portraits of the ladies of King Louis XV's court in classical mythological attire.
As a painter Nattier was considered to have a high aesthetic taste. The allusion serves to compare the taste of the main character with the great artist's one. 
Charles John Kean (artistic) - English actor and theater director.
serves to show the theatrical atmosphere which their life is impregnated with. 
William Shakespeare (literary) - an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.
The allusion serves to show the high theatrical atmosphere.
Mounet-Sully - (artistic) - a French actor of the 20th century.
The allusion serves to show the high theatrical atmosphere.
Sarah Siddons (artistic) -  a Welsh actress, the best-known tragedienne of the 18th century. She was most famous for her portrayal of the Shakespearean character, Lady Macbeth.
This allusion serves to compare the main character with a cult figure, thus to convey her feelings experienced by celebrities. 
Sir Thomas Lawrence (artistic) - a leading English portrait painter and president of the Royal Academy.
The allusion serves to show that the main characters belong to the high society and their surroundings correspond to it. 

III. Using direct and indirect evidence from the text give character sketches of Julia Lambert and Michael Gosselyn

Julia Lambert is the main character of the novel. She is 46 years old. She is the most famous theater actress in England. Her life is very successful: she has a successful husband Michael, the owner and director of the theater "Siddons," where she plays, an educated adult son, Roger, and the glory with admirers. Her feelings manifests mainly on the stage. Her husband Michael is closed and reserved, but he doesn't love her.
Her character is revealed indirectly by means of her acts and thought. We can see that she is a little selfish because she likes that she is admired by young people. 

Michael Gosselyn is another character of the novel. He is a husband of Julia Lambert. He is described directly. Being a young man, with a great mass of curling chestnut hair, with a wonderful skin and large deep blue eyes, a straight nose and small ears, he had been the best-looking actor on the English stage. Since his five years at the war he had adopted a military bearing, so that if you had not known who he was you might have taken him for an officer of high rank. But even now he is considered to be a very handsome man. Such description shows us that Michail is a confident man.

IV. Summary.

Julia Lambert, a famous actress comes to her husband, an owner of the theater, and makes the acquaintance of a young man. This man is a young accountant hired by her husband to restore order in the account of the theatre. Her husband Michael says that the young man is her admirer and dreams to make the acquaitance of her for a long time. She decides to invite him for a lunch, thus give him a big chance to diversity his boring life. Then she invites him to the theater on the play where she plays. Although he saw the play with her participation three times, and was glad to see it again behind the scenes. Julia is flatter by his attention and in order to make him happy she gives him her photo. She recollected her past. When she came to Langton’s troupe, Michael had already worked there, and grew popular with the company. Julia’s aunt, a former actress, gave her first acting lessons, due to which she entered the Royal Academy of dramatic art. Being on tour she met Jimmie Langton. 



пятница, 21 февраля 2014 г.

Учебники

Английский для младших школьников под ред. Бонка    (Яндекс.Диск)

Spotlight Starter Teacher's book   (другая ссылка)
Spotlight Starter Student's book
Spotlight Starter Workbook

Spotlight 5 Teacher's book
Spotlight 5 Student's book - Adobe Reader
Spotight 5 Workbook

Spotlight 3 Teacher's book
Spotlight 3 Student's book
Spotlight 3 Workbook

Spotlight 2 Teacher's book
Spotlight 2 Student's book (Яндекс.Диск)
- С самого начала по юнит 1b
- Units 2a - 5b
- Units 6a- 9b
- Units 10a- 15b (+showtime)
- Activities Module 1 - до конца
spotlight 2 Workbook

Spotlight 9 teacher's book
Spotlight 9 Student's book

среда, 8 января 2014 г.

A farewell to Arms

I'd like to tell about an amazing movie "A Farewell to Arms". This is a 1932 American romance drama film directed by Frank Borzage and starring Helen Hayes, Gary Cooper, and Adolphe Menjou.It tells about the love between ambulance driver Lt. Henry and Nurse Catherine Barkley during World War I. The action takes place in Italy and the two fall in love during the war and will stop at nothing to be together. The film also analyses Lt. Henry's feelings on war and the purpose of fighting.

I‘d like to single out  the play of the actors who managed to convey the souls of their characters, the true love and pain. However, sometimes the development of the love affair did not seem natural, they overacted.

As for the movie, I think it is too sentimental. As for me, this aspect pushes off. Also the events of the film go too quickly and the hardships and other experiences of Lieutenant Henry are passed over too abruptly. But on the whole, this movie is worth to watch because of its exact transmission of the origin plot of the famous novel by Ernest Hamingway.  

In Love and War

"In Love and War" is a 1996 romance drama film based on the book, Hemingway in Love and War by Henry S. Villard and James Nagel, starring Mackenzie Astin, Chris O'Donnell, Sandra Bullock, and Margot Steinberg. This film takes place during World War I, and is based on the World War I experiences of the writer Ernest Hemingway. It was directed by Richard Attenborough. The film was entered into the 47th Berlin International Film Festival.

This film is largely based on Ernest Hemingway's real experience in World War I as a young soldier in Italy. He was wounded and sent to military hospital where he shared a room with Villard (who authored the book the movie is based on) and they were nursed by Agnes von Kurowsky. Hemingway and von Kurowsky fell strongly in love but somehow the relationship didn't work out.
The film—apparently in a deliberate attempt to capture what the director called Hemingway's "emotional intensity"—takes liberties with the facts. In real life, unlike the movie, the relationship was probably never consummated, and the couple did not meet again after Hemingway left Italy.

There is a perfect selection of actors, their performances impressed me. I liked Sandra Bullock’s performance the most, because she played the role of Kurowsky with sense. Sandra creates an impression of a strong, smart, kind, and gentle woman.

воскресенье, 8 декабря 2013 г.

Answers to questions "Higher Education in Britain and the USA"

1. Britain:
    In order to be admitted to British colleges or universities, must pass three "A-levels" and have GCSE with a minimum grade "C". Students have to apply to university for a year before their graduation and before their exams results. An application form  which consists of personal information of a student, recommendations from school teachers and presumptive exam scores is applied through UCAS (University and College Admission Service). Also students must fill in an application form from UCAS where they are to indicate up to six variants of colleges or universities students prefer to enter.

   The USA:
   Requirements in brief:
1. a high-school diploma
2. results of Scholastic Aptitude Test
3. knowledge of English
4. teachers' recomendations
5. particapation in social activities

2. Universities in Britain are divided into three types: the old universities (Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh Universities), 19th century universities, such as London and Manchester universities, and the new universities. Some years ago there were also polytechnics. After graduating from polytechnic a student got a degree, but
it was not a university degree. 31 formers polytechnics were given university status in 1992.

3.  Associate's degree. An associate's degree study takes two years to complete. The associate's degree student learns the basics of a field of study. Students graduating with associate's degrees qualify for entry into careers such as dental hygienists, computer technicians and paralegals.
    Bachelor's degree. Earning a bachelor's degree takes four or five years, depending on your speciality. Bachelor's degree students study a broad range of liberal arts classes, including academic writing, history and sociology. A student majoring in a particular subject focuses his studies on that subject. Such professions as accountants, engineers and journalists need bachelor's degrees.
    Master's degree. Traditionally, a master's degree student specializes in one specific aspect of a field of study, working to make a contribution to that field. Professional master's programs are designed to help students to gain the skills necessary for a career in a new field, rather than to specialize in a current field.
     Doctor of Philisophy degree. A doctorate's degree allows students to be engaged deeper into a small area of a field. The doctorate's degree is based on scholarly paper or dissertation. The student writes his dissertation based on his research over the course of study. Doctorate's degrees take as long to finish as it takes the student to finish his research, write his dissertation and defend his research and knowledge.

5. The SAT test is an aptitude and reasoning test used by most colleges for admission purposes. It can be taken 2 or 3 times. This test has math and verbal sections, as well as a writing section that includes an essay. Numerous testing locations are provided and include public and private high schools, as well as community college locations.
   The ACT is a test that colleges may use in the admissions process. In most cases, colleges will accept either SAT or ACT scores--however some Midwestern colleges prefer the ACT. The ACT test measures knowledge in four subject areas: English, Math, Reading, and Science.
   The PSAT can be taken by 8th – 11th grade students. The PSAT test is the qualifier for National Merit Scholarship consideration, and only 11th graders are considered for these scholarships.  Taking  the PSAT in the 10th grade year is basically for practice only. No consideration will be given to a 10th grader for qualifying for a National Merit Scholarship no matter how well the student does on the test. The PSAT test has three sections--Math, Verbal/Critical Reasoning, and Writing.

6. Student financial aid is funding that is intended to help students pay education-related expenses including tuition, room and board, books, and supplies for education at a college, university, or private school. Financial aid may be classified into two types based on the criteria through which the financial aid is awarded: merit-based or need-based. Merit-based financial aid includes scholarships awarded by the college or university and those awarded by outside organizations. Merit-based scholarships are typically awarded for outstanding academic achievements and maximum SAT or ACT scores, although some merit scholarships can be awarded for special talents, leadership potential and other personal characteristics. Merit scholarships are sometimes awarded without regard for the financial need of the applicant. At many colleges, every admitted student is automatically considered for merit scholarships. At other institutions, a separate application process is required.

7. GPA is the average grade earned by a student, it is calculated by taking the number of grade points a student earned in a given period of time divided by the total number of credits taken.